European comic

alkup. 24.7.2024 

"Paul continued by suggesting that it is certainly a challenge not being able to impose a clearly defined “Euro comics” label on the world. Instead it comes down to individual works finding their audience outside their culture." https://www.europecomics.com/thing-european-comics/

Modern

The roots of European on-paper comics date back to 18th century caricatures (mocking others styles or behaviors) by artists such as William Hogarth. The early 19th century Swiss artist Rodolphe Töpffer is regarded by many as the "father of the modern comic" and his publication Histoire de Mr. Vieux Bois (1837) is sometimes called the first "comic book".

Other precursors include illustrated picture books such as Wilhelm Busch's Max and Moritz (1865).

Franco-Belgian comics, Spanish comics, and Italian comics are historically amongst the dominant scenes of European comics.

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The European, American, and Japanese comics traditions have followed different paths. Europeans have seen their tradition as beginning with the Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer from as early as 1827 and Americans have seen the origin of theirs in Richard F. Outcault's 1890s newspaper strip The Yellow Kid, though many Americans have come to recognize Töpffer's precedence. Japan has a long history of satirical cartoons and comics leading up to the World War II era.

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Finland

Professori Itikaisen tutkimusretki (Professor Itikainen's Research Expedition) by Ilmari Vainio, which appeared on November 21, 1911, is considered first Finnish comic book

https://metsastajan-sydan.blogspot.com/2023/07/european-comic-format.html

Pre-modern 

Earlier, paintings, depicting stories in subsequent frames, using descriptive text resembling bubbles-text, were used in murals, one such example is written in Greek, dating to the 2nd century and found in Capitolias, today in Jordan.

Medieval